Morality based on adherence to ethical duties and rules, irrespective of consequences?

Morality based on adherence to ethical duties and rules, irrespective of consequences?

• A. Deontology
• B. Consequentialism
• C. Utilitarianism
• D. Counterfactual Explanations

Answer: (A)

Deontology is the view that morality rests on duties and rules. It says an action is morally right if it follows a duty or principle, regardless of the outcomes it produces. This means adher­ing to honesty, promises, and other moral obligations even when a different action might lead to a better result. For example, telling the truth is good because honesty is a duty, not because it always yields the best consequences. This contrasts with consequentialist theories, which judge morality by the results. Utilitarianism, a well-known form of consequentialism, aims for the greatest good for the greatest number. Counterfactual explanations, meanwhile, aren’t a moral theory at all; they’re a tool used to describe what would happen under different circumstances.

Deontology is the view that morality rests on duties and rules. It says an action is morally right if it follows a duty or principle, regardless of the outcomes it produces. This means adher­ing to honesty, promises, and other moral obligations even when a different action might lead to a better result. For example, telling the truth is good because honesty is a duty, not because it always yields the best consequences.

This contrasts with consequentialist theories, which judge morality by the results. Utilitarianism, a well-known form of consequentialism, aims for the greatest good for the greatest number. Counterfactual explanations, meanwhile, aren’t a moral theory at all; they’re a tool used to describe what would happen under different circumstances.